19 results
Mechanism of Action for Common Diabetes Medications

 • SGLT2i (Dapagliflozin)
 • TZD (Pioglitazone)
 • Biguanides (Metformin)
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists ... #Medications #pharmacology ... #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Stimulate glucose-dependent insulin release from the pancreas (GLP-1
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists ... - Pharmacology ... side effects (e.g ... Summary #DM2 #diabetes ... #endocrinology
Metformin Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action:
 • Suppresses gluconeogenesis by the liver
 • Increases insulin-mediated glucose utilization
Metformin Pharmacology ... side effects (e.g ... #Metformin #Pharmacology ... #Summary #DM2 # ... diabetes #endocrinology
Hyperglycemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diabetes Mellitus:
 • Impaired Glucose Tolerance
 • Type I Diabetes
 • Type
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... diuretics • Beta agonists ... Hyperglycemia (e.g ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #endocrinology
GLP-1 Agonists

Adlyxin (Lixisenatide) Daily
Bydureon (Exenatide ER) Weekly 
Ozempic (Semaglutide) Weekly 
Trulicity (Dulaglutide) Weekly 
Victoza (Liraglutide) Daily
GLP-1 Agonists ... Daily GLP-1 Agonists ... #Pharmacology #Dosing ... #Diabetes #DM2 ... #Endocrinology
Nephron Pathophysiology - Diuretic Sites of Action
Diuretics
1) Acetazolamide/canagliflozin
2) Osmotic agents (mannitol, urearetics)
3) Loop agents (eg, furosemide)
4)
Nephron Pathophysiology ... ) Loop agents (eg ... Adenosine #Nephron #Pathophysiology ... Sites #Action #nephrology ... #pharmacology
Algorithm for the Treatment of Uremic Pruritus
Nonpharmacologic Treatments:
 • Daily topical emollient
 • Avoidance of extremes
Algorithm for the ... Evidence-Based Off-Label Pharmacologic ... k-opioid receptor agonists ... nalfurafine 2.5 mcg ... uremia #itching #Algorithm
DPP-4 Inhibitors - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Inhibits DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase 4), which normally inactivates GLP-1
4 Inhibitors - Pharmacology ... GLP-I receptor agonist ... DPP4 #Inhibitors #Pharmacology ... #Summary #DM2 # ... diabetes #endocrinology
SGLT2 Inhibitors - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Inhibits SGLT2 (sodium/glucose cotransporter 2) in the proximal tubule,
SGLT2 Inhibitors - Pharmacology ... GU infections (e.g ... SGLT2 #Inhibitors #Pharmacology ... #Summary #DM2 # ... diabetes #endocrinology
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) - Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Management Algorithm
Risk factors: Previous acute enteric infection, Female
Syndrome (IBS) - Pathophysiology ... and Management Algorithm ... somatic syndromes (e.g ... Tenapanor, 5-HT4 agonists ... Bowel #Syndrome #Pathophysiology