45 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Polyneuropathy, Acute ... stroke, Acute spinal ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #neurology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... - Differential Diagnosis ... vasoconstriction (e.g ... AIN) • Drugs (e.g ... #nephrology
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
Causes of Dyspnea ... Pulmonary/Chest ... Neuromuscular disease (eg ... Metabolic acidosis (eg ... #Chronic #Causes
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Simplified Approach to Acute ... dialysis indication (e.g ... require urgent nephrology ... Nephrotoxic drugs (e.g ... #nephrology
Diffuse consolidation
The most common cause of diffuse consolidation is pulmonary edema due to heart failure.
This is
Look for other signs ... patients, who have an acute ... heart due to a chronic ... near-drowning etc ... #Diagnosis #Radiology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
and chronic kidney ... colored compounds (e.g ... heme, bilirubin, etc ... Urine #Microscopy #nephrology ... interpretation #diagnosis
Causes of Peripheral Edema - Differential Diagnosis
Increased Hydrostatic Pressure
 • Volume Expansion: Kidney failure, Pregnancy, Medication
Medication side effect (e.g ... prednisone, NSAIDs), Acute ... Heart failure, Pulmonary ... vein thrombosis, Chronic ... • Filariasis (e.g
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Causes of Fatigue ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Obstructive Pulmonary ... Disease Neurologic ... • Drug Abuse (e.g
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
Encephalopathy - Acute ... dysfunctions ( e.g ... Cerebellar dysfunction (e.g ... • Chronic alcoholism ... #Management #neurology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... (e.g., fever, myalgia ... CNS infection (e.g ... arteritis • Acute ... #Algorithm #neurology