19 results
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Water Central Diabetes ... in kidneys) - Medications ... renal amyloidosis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Acquired - Primary renal ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... (e.g., hypokalemia ... Treatment is aimed ... Classification #Types #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Etiology: • Medications ... heparinized tube) • ECG ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... #nephrology #K
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
Management of SIADH ... post-operative phenomenon, medications ... , etc. ... #hyponatremia #nephrology ... #treatment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Diagnosis and Management ... Herpes, Coxsackie etc ... per day until stable ... #Summary #causes ... #treatment
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... Kidney stones caused ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... #Pharmacology #Medications ... #Table
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... plasma insulin (treatment ... of diabetic ketoacidosis ... Villous adenoma Renal ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Framework and Management ... Summary Causes ... Herpes, Coxsackie, etc ... #causes #treatment ... #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
, including a diuretic ... with previously stable ... , presence of renal ... Renal parenchymal ... Differential #Diagnosis #indications
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
hypoxemia/Sepsis etc ... perfusion - shock->treatments ... before beginning treatment ... • Type B1: - Diabetes ... - HIV/HAART medications