16 results
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
Causes of Acute ... • Prolonged hypotension ... Urethral stricture/valves ... #Differential # ... Nephrology **
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acute or chronic ... And BMP Normal Values ... Compensation, Acute ... /Chronic renal failure ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
K+: • Tissue injury ... • Metabolic acidosis ... glycosides • High ... acute iatrogenic ... blockers - MCW Nephrology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... Acute Kidney Injury ... HEMODYNAMIC • Cardiac failure ... • Prolonged hypotension ... Diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Workup and Differential ... values. 3. ... papilledema, heart failure ... kidney injury). ... #Differential #
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Causes of High-anion ... (acute and chronic ... #differential # ... #nephrology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential ... to bolus these values ... liver or renal injury ... cardiac output - Acute ... peritonitis - Acute
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Loop Diuretics; High-Ceiling ... Torsemide) • Acute ... Kidney stones caused ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Trauma/Crush injury ... - Metabolic acidosis ... insufficiency/Failure ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Heat Stroke - Differential ... sweat Heat Injury ... AKI - Liver failure ... High body temperatures ... #diagnosis #causes