13 results
Hemolysis - Diagnostic Algorithm and Causes

Increased red cell production: 
 • Increased Reticulocytosis/polychromasia 
 • Erythroid
Hemolysis - Diagnostic ... • Increased LDH ... #Hemolytic #Anemia ... #Algorithm #Differential ... #Causes #Workup
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Hemolytic Anemia ... indirect bilirubin, ↑ LDH ... • Blood smear: Differential ... 2) LOOK FOR a cause ... #Hemolytic #Anemia
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Causes of Extravascular ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... anemia • ... Prosthetic heart valves
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Diagnostic Framework ... anemia): ... - Drugs (Beta lactam ... #differential # ... #anemia
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
Elevated Lactate ... ) - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... - Prosthetic valves ... #diagnosis #Laboratory
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... HELLP - Grafts, Valves ... Membrane): - Autoimmune ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia ... Haptoglobin ↓ - Lactate
TTP - Laboratory Evaluation for Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Activity of von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease activity - A
If the value is ... elevation Serum lactate ... dehydrogenase (LDH ... WBC count and differential ... #Workup #Hematology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis
Secondary Thrombocytosis (a.k.a Reactive Thrombocytosis):
 • Acute infection
 • Solid organ
malignancies • Anemia ... iron deficiency, hemolysis ... disorders (e.g. autoimmune ... Myelofibrosis (MF ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Viral infection, autoimmune ... Diagnosis: • hemolytic ... Hyperbilirubinemia • Elevated lactate ... CLL (older) • Autoimmune ... younger pts) Differential
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Liver Injury - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vascular Causes ... : Autoimmune hepatitis ... muscle, kidneys • LDH