6041 results
Guidelines Directed medical therapy for Heart Failure 

Satyendra Dhar, MD, @DharSaty

#HFrEF #GDMT #sodium-glucosecotransporter-2inhibitors #SGLT2i #reninangiotensinaldosteronesysteminhibitors
#PARADIGM-HF #EMPEROR-Reduced
Thiazide induced Hyponatremia - Pathophysiology
 • Reduced distal delivery
 • Inhibition of the NCC (dilution capcity)-
Thiazide induced ... Pathophysiology • Reduced ... mechanism • Reduced ... #Thiazide #induced ... Pathophysiology #diagnosis
Selected Clinical Trials of SGLT2 inhibitors in CVD and CKD
EMPA-REG OUTCOME - Empagliflozin lowered CV events
EMPEROR-REDUCED
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Increased Intake
 • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
- Differential Diagnosis ... Increased Intake • Reduced ... potassium with reduced ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Internal Hemorrhoids - Classification
Grade l: 
 • 1st-degree or primary hemorrhoids - normal or near-normal
 •
spontaneously reduces ... and can only be reduced ... that cannot be reduced ... grading #grades #diagnosis
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis ... blood (ischemia-induced ... excrete more K+ to reduce ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Alcohol Use Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Tolerance (reduced sensitivity to effects of EtOH)
 •
• Tolerance (reduced ... recreational activities reduced ... Unsuccessful attempts to reduce ... Pathophysiology #Diagnosis
Mechanical Cardiac Support Devices Compared
Cannula Size - Insertion Technique - Haemodynarnic Support
IABP:
 • Afterload: Reduced
 •
• Afterload: Reduced ... pre-load: Slightly reduced ... stroke volume: Reduced ... • LV pre-load: Reduced ... PCW pressure: Reduced
Hyperkalemic Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) Type 4 - 

Failure to acidify urine in collecting duct
collecting duct due to reduced ... Either due to - Reduced ... #Hyperkalemic #Diagnosis
Reduced DOAC Dosing for Atrial Fibrillation 

#DOAC #Reduced #Dosing #Reduction #Dose #Anticoagulation #Pharmacology #AFib #Renal #CKD
Reduced DOAC Dosing ... Fibrillation #DOAC #Reduced