24 results
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Dysplasias • (e.g ... Deprivation • Primary ... • CNS Tumors (e.g ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes #pediatrics
Causes of Primary Amenorrhea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
No onset of menarche by age 16 with secondary
Causes of Primary ... Gonadal Dysgenesis (e.g ... Gonadal Dysgenesis (e.g ... • Functional (e.g ... #OBGyn #Gynecology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
aldosterone Causes ... : Most Common Causes ... Tuberculosis: can cause ... Administer 250 mcg ... addisons #disease #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hormone–dependent Primary ... Genetic disorders (e.g ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Myocardial infarction:
Classified into 5 types based on etiology and circumstances:

Type 1: Spontaneous MI caused by ischemia
Spontaneous MI caused ... ischemia due to a primary ... coronary event (eg ... oxygen demand (eg ... decreased supply (eg
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
risk factors (eg ... hypertension (eg ... hypertension (eg ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Hypothyroidism, Primary
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
involvement: Intractable nausea ... (e.g. oculomotor ... AQP4-lgG disease; e.g ... diagnosis #neurology #symptoms ... #signs
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Or brainstem syndromes ... Signs and symptoms ... Radiographic findings (eg ... Laboratory findings (eg ... VEP’s: EEG of visual
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
high WBC count cause ... Dehydration • Symptoms ... changes, stroke symptoms ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... unless worrisome EKG
Intraoperative Cardiac Ischaemia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

If the patient is unconscious, signs of cardiac
is unconscious, signs ... cardiac ischaemia primarily ... trolley and 12-lead ECG ... CM5 continuous ECG ... Obtain a 12-lead ECG