21 results
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
(usually IgG) (e.g ... . lupus, CLL, lymphoma ... (usually IgM) (e.g ... lymphoproliferative disorders ... deficiencies (e.g
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
, Chronic disease ... Chemotherapy (e.g ... Unstable hemoglobin disorders ... myeloma Rouleaux: Chronic ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Nail Disorders secondary to Systemic Diseases
Nail Fold Abnormality
 • SLE
 • Scleroderma
 • Dermatomyositis
Koilonychia - Spoon-shaped
Nail Disorders secondary ... Iron deficiency anemia ... halt nail growth (e.g ... discoloration) • Chronic ... • Nephrotic syndrome
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis
Secondary Thrombocytosis (a.k.a Reactive Thrombocytosis):
 • Acute infection
 • Solid organ
malignancies • Anemia ... inflammatory disorders ... (e.g. autoimmune ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Causes #hematology
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Neoplastic / Hematologic ... • Anemia • ... • Drug Abuse (e.g ... • Somatization Disorder ... Fatigue Syndrome
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Erythematosus (SLE) Clinical ... Demyelinating Syndrome ... , Seizure disorders ... Cerebrovascular Disease ... Lumbar Puncture, EEG
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
) Suspect: Clinical ... • Malignancy (e.g ... (e.g. thyroid disease ... lymphopenia, low PLT • Anemia ... : • Chronic B-cell
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Increased Requirement (e.g ... • Small Bowel Disorder ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... • Liver Disease ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
Optica (NMO) - Clinical ... (e.g. oculomotor ... ; e.g. narcolepsy ... Comorbid autoimmune disorders ... (Systemic lupus
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
• Systemic lupus ... (eg, systemic juvenile ... SJIA], systemic lupus ... • Infection (eg ... with leukopenia, anemia