12 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... acidosis: Gl tract ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... the indicated causes ... acidosis, a high ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap ... Metabolic Acidosis ... - Differential ... Cell Problem - Low ... #Differential #
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
development of metabolic ... shift • Saline Causes ... densa receives high ... • Saline May Cause ... NS #comparison #pharmacology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
urinary losses: • High ... consumption • Low ... acidosis: Proximal ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #low
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
transfusion • HTN and edema ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
transfusion • HTN and edema ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Shock Overview
A state of tissue hypoxia due to decreased or dysregulated oxygen delivery or extraction, resulting
depressed) • Renal: metabolic ... acidosis, oliguria ... /flank edema) Distributive ... #criticalcare #differential ... #causes #classification
Shock Overview
A state of tissue hypoxia due to decreased or dysregulated oxygen delivery or extraction, resulting
depressed) • Renal: metabolic ... acidosis, oliguria ... /flank edema) Distributive ... #criticalcare #differential ... #causes #classification
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... Loop Diuretics; High-Ceiling ... Kidney stones caused ... #Pharmacology # ... Medications #Table