13 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the excretion of sodium ... #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... Dehydration • Heart ... causes: sepsis, meds ... Classification #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Algorithm Hypovolemic ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... , CNS Disease, Meds ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology #sodium
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... : Hypovolemia, Heart ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Supracondylar Elbow Fracture
• Most common elbow fracture in children, peak age 5-7 
• When looking at
radiocapitellar lines), fat pads ... age 1), radial head ... ), compartment syndrome ... • ED Management ... Radiology #XRay #Diagnosis
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Urine Na < 20: Heart ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Apparent Life Threatening Event (ALTE) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac:
 • Congenital Heart Disease
 •
Algorithm Cardiac ... • Congenital Heart ... Metabolism • Reye's Syndrome ... Disturbances Neurologic ... #Peds #Pediatrics
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome ... • Diagnosis of ... irrigation • Management ... and nephrotic syndrome ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... renal perfusion (Heart ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Framework and Management ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Management #causes