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diagnosis nephrology differential treatment algorithm glomerular nephrotic classification hematuria lupus microscopy proteinuria renal rheumatology sle syndrome urology blood glomerulonephritis hematology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... if cause not identified ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Workup ... #urine
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings • Epithelial cells - Normal • Renal tubular cells - Acute
microscopy • Red cell casts ... • White cell casts ... infection • Hyaline casts ... • Granular casts ... #casts
Urine Microscopy - Casts Acellular Casts • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... - Casts Acellular ... chronic kidney diseases ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #nephrology #interpretation
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) 1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? Is there a dialysis indication
PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... are caused by prerenal ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts ... KidneyInjury #simplified #workup
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... #Glomerular #Diseases ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... Minimal change disease ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... and concentrated urine ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
1ml blood/liter urine ... basement membrane disease ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... of glomerular disease ... #urology #nephrology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup History: - Prior platelet count, family
Diagnosis and Workup ... PLT in selected cases ... PT, aPTT(liver disease ... (CVID, WAS), (neurologic ... #Workup #hematology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
vast majority of cases ... 3 questions to work ... Measure urine osmolality ... vaptans (HF/liver disease ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management
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