23 results
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)
Multi-system autoimmune disease characterized by vasculopathy and progressive fibrosis of skin and internal organs
3
thickening, distal to elbows ... skin thickening Signs ... , dysmotility, SIBO ... #rheumatology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Aortoenteric Fistula - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
• Uncommon but life-threatening
• Most common site of bowel connection
duodenum Clinical Signs ... /Symptoms: • Classic ... triad: Bleeding, abdominal ... , and palpable abdominal ... Not reliable, so
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Endocarditis, Aortic ... valve lesions Abdominal ... erythematosus #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19
 • Neurologic: Headaches, Dizziness, Encephalopathy, Guillain-Barré, Ageusia, Myalgia, Anosmia, Stroke
 • Renal:
of COVID-19 • Neurologic ... Nausea/vomiting, Abdominal ... Extrapulmonary #Diagnosis ... #Signs #Symptoms
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
pathognomonic signs ... /symptoms or echo ... So high index of ... is required for diagnosis ... dysfunction common, Aortic
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
pinched by the abdominal ... aorta and superior ... Pathophysiology #Signs ... #Symptoms #Urology ... #Diagnosis
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
Manifestations • Optic ... Manifestations #diagnosis ... #neurology #symptoms ... #signs
Manifestations of Anaphylaxis by Body System

Dermatologic/mucosal

 - Eyes: periorbital swelling/erythema, injected conjunctiva, tears

 - Oral mucosa:
vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal ... cramps Neurologic ... cessation of play #Diagnosis ... #Allergy #Signs ... #Symptoms #Anaphylaxis
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
DIAGNOSTICS
Paracentesis: 
 • Calculate absolute PMN count (total WBC x PMN %)
 • Correct
Bacterial Peritonitis DIAGNOSTICS ... Treat if other signs ... (fever, abdominal ... only if worsening symptoms ... #diagnosis #management