23 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
, Acute spinal cord ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... finding in spinal cord ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #neurology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis by Mechanism ... - Cirrhosis Syndrome ... e.g. pneumonia, COPD ... #Table #Causes
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
- Spinal Cord Syndromes ... Lower motor neuron symptoms ... Upper motor neuron symptoms ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... is usually caused ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... demyelination syndrome ... Treatment #management #nephrology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... Causes: 1. ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... spinalcord #disorders #diagnosis ... #neurology #differential
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
mutations - Down syndrome ... memory • Aphasia, word-finding ... pathophysiology #geriatrics ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Rapid, increasing signs of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) is an important key feature of NMS. EPS, associated
extrapyramidal symptoms ... about 95% of NMS cases ... and considerably elevated ... #Diagnosis #Serotonin ... NeurolepticMalignant #Comparison #Table
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Bilateral signs and/or symptoms ... CSF pleocytosis, elevated ... infectious myelitis - Elevated ... • Infectious causes ... #management #neurology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diagnosis of ... • Hyponatremia ... Kidney stones caused ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... - Emergency Causes ... Differential Diagnosis ... : • Spinal cord ... #causes #neurology