11 results
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
True Hyponatremia ... Differential Algorithm ... low, uric acid high ... high and uric acid ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Diabetes Insipidus ... history Step #2 ... #Sodium #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... diabetes insipidus ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
water loss, Serum Sodium ... >145 mmol/L High ... 300 mmol/kg • Diabetes ... Insipidus Hypodipsia ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... renal mechanism 2) ... • Euvolemic: Diabetes ... insipidus (central ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... Acid → SIADH - High ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... < 285 mmol/L - true ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
Urine osmolality = 2 ... Hyperglycemia, High ... 100 mosm/kg • Diabetes ... Insipidus • Primary ... #nephrology
Diabetes Insipidus - Diagnosis Algorithm
Tests:
 • Osmolality, Urine AND/OR
 • Osmolality, Serum or Plasma AND
 •
Diabetes Insipidus ... - Diagnosis Algorithm ... Plasma AND • Sodium ... Osmolality, Urine 1-2 ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
urine osm (in DI; high ... water unavailable 2) ... post-obstructive 3) Diabetes ... Insipidus: neurogenic ... #sodium