13 results
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Differential Algorithm ... low, uric acid ... and hypervolemic ... in euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... renal mechanism 2) ... (Low H2O intake ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Workup Step 1 ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... - diuretics EUVOLEMIC ... #Nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Hypovolemic, Serum ... Cerebral salt wasting Euvolemic ... uric acid <4 • SIADH ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Beer Potomania - Low ... • Euvolemic ... insufficiency, SIADH ... #causes #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Diagnosis Algorithm ... nephrotic syndrome) Euvolemic ... , SSRIs) - SIADH ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #sodium
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Diagnosis and Evaluation ... : 1) Identification ... acute vs. chronic) 2) ... #Hypovolemic #Euvolemic ... #Differential #Algorithm
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Diagnosis Algorithm ... water retention 1) ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... Uric Acid → SIADH ... #nephrology #sodium
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Pathophysiology 1) ... Neurological event 2) ... Sodium loss from ... Pathophysiology #diagnosis #nephrology ... #hyponatremia #
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Algorithm Hypertonic ... ON (UNa < 30): Hypovolemia ... OFF (UNa > 30): SIADH ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #sodium #nephrology