21 results
diagnosis differential causes potassium hyperkalemia hyponatremia sodium high intercellularshift management acidosis chloride crrt epilepticus hypernatremia hypochloremia hypotonic managment modalities modes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Losses Non-renal ... vomiting) • Low ... K intake (anorexia ... #nephrology #low
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... starts by measuring ... loss • Renal ... Renal tubular acidosis ... #causes #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... with hypokalemia ... • Cell shift: Hypokalemic ... #differential #algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... suggests extra-renal ... consumption • Low ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... #nephrology
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA Decreased
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine pH > 6.0 - Hypokalemic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Diagnostic Algorithm To assess potassium excretion: perform 24-hour urine collection or alternatively obtain potassium-to-creatinine ratio on
Algorithm To assess ... (K⁺ <3.5 mEq/L) ... values suggest renal ... K wasting. ... #nephrology #low
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
- Hyperosmolar states ... resistance Impaired Renal ... deficiency • Renal ... Type IV RTA • Renal ... potassium #high #nephrology
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm ... EABV) - Consider: Hypovolemia ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... solute intake, Renal ... #causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
- Hyperosmolar states ... resistance Impaired Renal ... deficiency • Renal ... Type IV RTA • Renal ... potassium #high #nephrology
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