15 results
Cryoglobulinemia Summary

Cryoglobulins:
 • Cryoglobulins are Igs in the serum that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below
• They can cause ... Cause Organ Damage ... RA - 5 to 20% Sjögren's ... DDX: • ANCA (Antineutrophil ... rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's
ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) and ANCA (Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)
 • Systemic lupus erythematosus
   1. Anti-dsDNA
Antibody) and ANCA ... Anti-dsDNA (in 70% of cases ... seen in 30—70% of cases ... • Sjögren syndrome ... Antinuclear #Antibody #ANCA
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
BEE Syndromes - ... Inflammatory causes ... • Sjögren syndrome ... spectrum disorder • ANCA-associated ... Neurosarcoidosis #BEE
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... Glomerulonephritis / Vasculits: ANCA ... immunoglobulins, cryoglobulins ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... • Cardio-renal syndrome
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
tract, and often causes ... Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome ... VASCULITIS: • Behçet Syndrome ... • Cogan Syndrome ... Serologies for Cryoglobulins
Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA)
ANA or Anti-NucIear Antibody refers to antibodies against antigens in the nucleus → like
• +ANA can be seen ... erythematosus (SLE), Sjogren's ... Syndrome (SS), ... Rheumatoid Arthritis, Sjögren ... Syndrome, Myositis
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
• Secondary Causes ... Kasabach-Merritt syndrome ... Gardner-Diamond syndrome ... Cryoglobulinemia (MIXED) • ANCA ... Associated - SLE, Sjogren's
Cryofibrinogenemia Summary

Cryofibrinogenemia Epidemiology:
 • 40-70 years with a modest female predominance

Cryofibrinogenemia:
 • The precipitation of a
distinguished from cryoglobulin ... • Cryoglobulins ... Cryofibrinogenemia Can Be ... • Negative causes ... Antiphospholipid syndrome
Antinuclear antibodies and Systemic lupus
Anti-dsDNA	60-80%	Association with disease activity (when with Farr assay) and lupus nephritis. Can
Can also be measured ... searched for when ANA ... neonatal lupus and Sjogren ... Associated with Sjogren ... SLE-SSc-AlM overlap syndromes
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes ... Summary Autoimmune ANCA ... Auto-antibodies: ANCA ... not-optimal but may be ... Goodpasture's cause