19 results
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
and less common diseases ... Inflammatory causes ... • Sjögren syndrome ... optica spectrum disorder ... #neurology #inflammatory
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
involvement: Intractable nausea ... (AQP4-lgG disease ... Comorbid autoimmune disorders ... erythematosus, Sjögren ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology
Causes of Acute Pericarditis:

Infectious;

Viral: 
Adenovirus 
Coxsackie virus A and B 
Echovirus 
Epstein-Barr virus 
Hepatitis 
Human immunodeficiency
Causes of Acute ... Tuberculosis Whipple disease ... Procainamide Metabolic disorders ... : Renal Insufficiency ... Collagen vascular disease
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Metabolic • Renal ... Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ... Neurologic • ... • Somatization Disorder ... Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... restrictive lung disease ... #AcidBase #disorders ... #ABG #bloodgas
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts ... Ex: HCV, HBV, Sjogren's ... (Dense deposit disease ... anti-phospholipid syndrome ... #diagnosis #renal
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
heart failure, neurologic ... with electrolyte disorders ... Renal parenchymal ... disease: CKD, acute ... Neurologic disorders
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
Sjogren's Syndrome ... Hypocomplementemia • Can cause ... cirrhosis: 3%-20% Renal ... Distal (Type I) renal ... #Diagnosis #Management
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... steatorrhea) • Renal ... Tubulointerstitial renal ... disease • Drugs ... ) • Endocrine disorders
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Agents Regulating Renal ... irrigation • Management ... Kidney stones caused ... specific bleeding disorders ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology