20 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
or dipstick) Glomerular ... of Glomerular Bleeding ... hematuria • Signs of glomerular ... Suggestive of glomerular ... #urology #nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
WBCs, or urine ... → Urine culture ... • Evidence of glomerular ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... if cause not identified
Causes of Scrotal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Painful - Sudden Onset
 • Testicular Torsion
 • Torsion
Causes of Scrotal ... • Testicular Torsion ... • Torsion of ... ScrotalMass #Testicular #Urology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... Proteinuria (Negative urine ... • Drugs Glomerular ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... red - cells Non-glomerular ... also be seen if urine ... Diagnostic of glomerular ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
the patient have glomerular ... hematuria (RBC casts ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... diabetes)) #Glomerular ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Uric Acid Homeostasis
In the liver, purines are metabolized to uric acid. The last step in purine
The last step in purine ... a recombinant version ... filtered in the glomerulus ... Homeostasis #Gout #Pathophysiology
Diabetes – diabetic nephropathy
Majority of the literature in the area is applied to the diabetic nephropathy
be the primary cause ... - Glomerular hyperfiltration ... - Cytokines #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #CKD
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
presenting with overt glomerular ... arbitrarily defined as urine ... because nephritic urine ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology