3714 results
Portopulmonary Hypertension
Presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with portal hypertension
No other obvious causes (chronic
Presence of pulmonary arterial ... other obvious causes ... ventricular size, Right atrial ... functional class, exercise ... - Mechanism: causes
Differentiating Features Between Central and Peripheral Cyanosis

Mechanism - Arterial destauration
Sites - Skin, mucous membrane of oral
Mechanism - Arterial ... therapy - Pulmonary cause ... can improve Exercise ... Cyanosis worsens Arterial ... Cyanosis reduces Exercise
Jugular Waveform Components 
 • a wave - due to atrial contraction: It occurs just before
wave - due to atrial ... - due to right atrial ... • c wave - caused ... to subsequent atrial ... y descent - is caused
Anatomical Differential Diagnosis for Arrhythmias
 • SA node: Sinus bradycardia, Sick Sinus Syndrome (SSS)
 • AV
tachycardia • Atria ... : Premature Atrial ... Flutter (AFL), Atrial ... FAT), Multifocal Atrial ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Atrial Fibrillation Overview

Symptoms:
Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

1. Why?
Cardiac:
• Valvular heart disease
•
Atrial Fibrillation ... dizziness, dyspnea, exercise ... Anticoagulation #Atrial
Atrial Fibrillation - Diagnosis, Causes, Presentations
Causes (PIRATES):
 - Pulmonary embolism 
 - Ischemia (cardiac) 
 -
Atrial Fibrillation ... - Diagnosis, Causes ... Presentations Causes ... Repiratory disease - Atrial ... AFib #Diagnosis #Causes
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

VENOUS THROMBOSIS

 • Acquired Risk Factors:
	- >48 hours
Thrombosis vs Arterial ... • Cardiac: - Atrial ... thrombus - atrial ... considered in all cases ... coagulation and other causes
Supraventricular Tachycardias - Pathophysiology
Conduction pathways through SA Node, Atrium, AV Node, Bundle of His, and Ventricle
through SA Node, Atrium ... Tachycardia • Atrial ... Tachycardia • Atrial ... Flutter • Atrial
Causes of Tachycardia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Narrow Complex - Regular:
 • Sinus tachycardia
 • Atrial flutter
Causes of Tachycardia ... tachycardia • Atrial ... tachycardia • Atrial ... Irregular: • Atrial ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
Causes of Hypoxemia ... • Pulmonary Arterial ... Defect ** • Atrial ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes