2838 results
Fever - Pyrogen Pathophysiology

EXOGENOUS PYROGEN
 • Bacteria: Lipopolysaccharide components, peptidoglycans and muramyl peptide derivatives, Toxins
 •
Pathophysiology EXOGENOUS ... components Exogenous ... proinflammatory mediators (endogenous ... , IFN, IL-6 ENDOGENOUS ... organs CNS - Endogenous
Hypercortisolism (Cushing syndrome) - Simplified Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Exogenous (ACTH-independent)
Endogenous
 • ACTH-dependent:
    - ACTH-secreting
Diagnosis Algorithm Exogenous ... ACTH-independent) Endogenous
ECG Changes with Potassium Imbalance
 - Normokalemia
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hyperkalemia

#Hypokalemia #Hyperkalemia #ECG #potassium #cardiology #ekg
ECG Changes with Potassium ... Hyperkalemia #ECG #potassium ... #cardiology #ekg
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Succinylcholine) • Exogenous ... #pharmacology #potassium
Hypoglycemia - Evaluation Algorithm
Interpreting Hypoglycemia Labs - the patient must be hypoglycemic at the time of
Proinsulin - Is it endogenous ... → Exogenous Insulin
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hyperphosphatemia: paraproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, hemolysis, hyperbilirubinemia, liposomal amphotericin
Phosphate Load: • Exogenous ... Fosphenytoin • Endogenous
Staging of Skin Mottling

Mottling is less sensitive, but more specific for hypoperfusion and elevated mortality (figure
suggests active endogenous ... not additional exogenous
EKG showing prominent U waves due to hypokalemia. Serum potassium 2.0. 

#EKG #emergencymedicine #criticalcare #cardiology #internalmedicine
Serum potassium ... #criticalcare #cardiology
Antiarrhythmic Drugs

CLASS IA
 • Procainamide, Quinidine, Disopyramide
CLASS 1B
 • Lidocaine, Mexiletine
CLASS 2
 • Propranolol, Esmolol
CLASS 4
Adenosine, Magnesium, Potassium ... #Pharmacology #cardiology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Pseudo-hyperaldosteronism: exogenous ... #causes #low #potassium