31 results
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Acute Spinal Cord ... -> Anterior spinal ... #Syndromes #diagnosis ... signs #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology
Spinal Cord Injury by Nerve Root Levels
Spinal Root	Sensory	Motor	Reflex
C4	Acromioclavicular Joint	Respiration	None
C5	Radial Antecubital Fossa	Elbow Flexion	Biceps Reflex
C6	Dorsal Thumb	Wrist Extension	Brachioradialis Reflex
C7	Dorsal
Spinal Cord Injury ... Anterior Medial Thigh Hip ... Femoral Condyle Knee ... NerveRoots #Levels #differential ... #diagnosis #Neurology
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
- Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... bearing after injury ... #diagnosis #msk ... #physicalexam
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
stroke, Acute spinal ... cord injury, Early ... Testing #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Neuromuscular Weakness • Spinal ... Demyelinating Disease (MS ... Phrenic nerve injury ... Weakness #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Syndromes Spinal ... result in permanent neurologic ... syphilis, and HIV ... #lesions #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
(CES) is usually ... Diagnosis: • ... • HIV related ... #differential # ... #neurology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... Diagnosis Baseline ... , HIV serology, ... Acute #Kidney #Injury ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Bone Deformity / Limp - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Infection
 • Septic Arthritis
 • Cortical Hypertrophy
 •
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease Knee ... Patellofemoral Syndrome ... Deformity #Limp #MSK ... #Differential #
Mechanisms of Pain
Mixed - Nociceptive/Neuropathic
Nociceptive - Tissue Damage
 - Visceral - (From organ/cavity lining) Poorly localized,
regional pain syndrome ... injury #Pain ... #Mechanisms #Neurology ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm