9 results
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
Causes of Hypoxemia ... perfusion Mismatch • Airway ... Disease (Asthma ... , COPD) • Vascular ... Defect ** • Atrial
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... Dyspnea - Differential ... Arrhythmia • Atrial ... Tachyarrhythmia Airway ... Obstruction • Asthma
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
Heart failure - CAD ... Causes of Dyspnea ... : • Airways: ... - Asthma - COPD ... #pulmonary
Hypoxemia / Hypoxia - Rapid Response Management Algorithm

Stridor - Upper airway pathology:
 • Anaphylaxis
 • Foreign
Rapid Response Management ... Stridor - Upper airway ... pneumothorax, COPD ... /asthma • Pleural ... Matthew Ho, MD PhD
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Chronic inflammation causes ... Chronic cough • Hypoxia ... • Dyspnea • Hemoptysis ... Most Common Causes ... obstruction • COPD
Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NIPPV)

Expiratory & Inspiratory Positive Airway Pressure
Both increase intrathoracic pressure, which can decrease
exacerbation (cardiogenic pulmonary ... edema) • COPD ... failure (ie.. asthma ... increased WOB, dyspnea ... #criticalcare #management
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)

Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia Overview:
 • Idiopathic form of organizing pneumonia
 • formerly BOOP
Unknown • 6-7 cases ... History: cough, dyspnea ... inflammatory debris-small airways ... #BOOP #pulmonary ... ILD #diagnosis #management
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
consider infarction, hypoxia ... of dyspnea and ... because narrowed airways ... asthma, chronic ... bronchitis, and COPD
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
of a difficult airway ... murmur 3/6) - Pulmonary ... - Oral cavity/Airway ... disease b) CHF ... medical and surgical management