251 results
Kidney stone type, corresponding urine sediment, urinary risk factors, and associated clinical settings.
#Diagnosis #Nephrology #Urine #Microscopy
Kidney stone type ... Urinary #Kidney #Stones ... Composition #Shapes #Table
UROLITHIASIS 

80% of stones are composed of calcium oxalate or phosphate. Others include uric acid (9%),
UROLITHIASIS 80% of stones ... & cystine (1%) stones ... Struvite stones, ... Uric acid stone ... These mutations cause
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
calcium-containing stones ... X-rays useful tor stone ... obstruction - Able ... identify non-calculus causes ... for non-calculus causes
Complex Hydronephrosis on Renal POCUS

Look beyond the RUSH exam - normal echo/flat IVC/no abd FF/no AAA....
flat IVC/no abd FF ... Infected stone.
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Causes of Biliary Dilatation - Differential Diagnosis
 • Physiological: ↑ Age, Cholecystectomy, Opioid dependence, Post-sphincterotomy
 •
Causes of Biliary ... diverticulum, AUPBD • Stones ... : Biliary stone( ... Biliary #Dilatation #causes
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
disease Renal Causes ... Hematuria: • Stone ... and SMA - Can cause ... Cystitis • Bladder stones ... urinary tract) Causes
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Causes of Nephrolithiasis ... Uric Acid Stones ... - Struvite Stones ... - 10% of stones ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Urinary Tract Obstruction - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Upper Tract - Bladder NOT distended on ultrasound,
Causes of Urinary ... carcinoma - Stone ... • Bladder stone ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
; BOO (tumour, stone ... causing Decreased tone ... - Failure to Store ... SUI or UUI not caused
Uterotonic Medications 
 - Should be given concomitantly with uterine massage
 - Multiple medication options which
uterine muscle tone ... #Medications #Table