53 results
Hypogonadism Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low testosterone, Normal or low LH, Normal or low FSH -
Algorithm • Low testosterone ... Normal or low FSH ... Normal LH, Normal FSH ... Normal LH, Elevated FSH ... Elevated LH, Elevated FSH
Inhibin <
Hypothalamus
<
GnRH
④
Anterior pituitary
FSH
LH
V
Sertoli cells
V
Leydig cells
Paracrine
e
e
→ #Testosterone
Anterior pituitary FSH ... Paracrine e e → #Testosterone
Feedback Loop: Prolactin (PRL)
 • PRL levels exhibit diurnal, menstrual, and age-related variation
 • TRH has
secretion -> Decr FSH ... females, Decr testosterone
#LH
#Cholesterol
t
cholesterol desmolase (#thecal cells)
V
3ß-hydroxysteroid
dehydrogenase
Pregnenolone
Progesterone
17a-hydroxylase
17-Hydroxypregnenolone
17,20-lyase
Dehydroepiandrosterone
3ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
#Androstenedione
17B-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
FSH
V
#Testosterone
Đ
#aromatase
(granulosa cells)
V
#Estradiol
dehydrogenase FSH ... V #Testosterone
Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Negative feedback on hypothalamus/pituitary, Decreasing ACTH -> Decr Sex
Hormones (LH, FSH ... , Testosterone,
ACTH
LH
Cholesterol
cholesterol desmolase
Pregnenolone
17a-hydroxylase 17 Hydroxyregnenolone
17,20-lyase
3B-hydroxysteroid
dehydrogenase
3B-hydroxysteroid
dehydrogenase
17a-hydroxylase
#Progesterone
17-Hydroxyprogesterone
17,20-lyase
21ß-hydroxylase
21ß-hydroxylase
11-Deoxycorticosterone
11-Deoxycortisol
11ß-hydroxylase
11ß-hydroxylase
#Cortisol
#Dehydroepiandrosterone
#DHEA
3ß-hydroxysteroid
dehydrogenase
个
#Androstenedione
#17B-hydroxysteroid
#dehydrogenase
#Testosterone
#aromatase
#FSH
#Estradiol
#5a reductase
#Corticosterone
aldosterone synthase
#Aldosterone
Angiotensin ||
#Dihydrotestosterone
(DHT)
dehydrogenase #Testosterone ... #aromatase #FSH
Bilateral Winged Scapula on Physical Exam - Seen in Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy (FSH, FSHD)

#Bilateral #Winged #Scapula
Muscular Dystrophy (FSH ... , FSHD) #Bilateral ... Muscular #Dystrophy #FSH ... #FSHD #clinical
Exogenous Testosterone Side Effects
 • Mood disorder, Depression, Aggression
 • ↑ Erythropoiesis
 • Hypogonadism +/-BPH, prostate
Exogenous Testosterone ... #Exogenous #Testosterone
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Pathogenesis and Medications
Aging
 -> Increased Testosterone -> Testosterone metabolized into DHT by type
-> Increased Testosterone ... -> Testosterone ... Conversion of testosterone ... pituitary -> Decr Testosterone
Causes of Female and Male Infertility - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Causes of Female Infertility:
 • Uterus -
• Increased FSH ... • Decreased FSH ... • Decreased FSH ... hypogonadism) Low FSH ... problem) High FSH