19 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Refeeding syndrome ... Losses Non-renal ... vomiting) • Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Chronic diarrhea / IBD ... Renal Loses ... Hypercalcemia - Hypokalemia ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium
History Taking for IBD - FECES Mnemonic
FECES:
F - Frequency- how often? nocturnal sx? 
E - Emptying
History Taking for IBD ... /hepatobiliary/renal ... self-management? ... #FECES #diagnosis ... #gastroenterology
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
- Differential Diagnosis ... and Gitelman syndrome ... with secondary, hypocalcemia ... #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Diagnosis:
 • Use a positive diagnostic strategy with
(IBS) - Diagnosis ... and Management ... IBS is NOT a diagnosis ... Limited trial low ... #Diagnosis #Management
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
suggests extra-renal ... consumption • Low ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Decreased Intake: - Fasting ... Villous adenoma Renal ... chewing tobacco, Renal ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... aldosterone • Renal ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... 15 suggests ↓ renal ... acidosis) • Low ... #Diagnosis #Management ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology