21 results
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
Pathyophysiology ... diabetes Key signs ... respirations HHS: Longer
CREST Syndrome: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

CALCINOSIS (BB-sized, hard nodules in fingers)
RAYNAUD'S Phenomenon
ESOPHAGEAL DYSMOTILITY
SCLERODACTYLY (thickening and tightening
hard nodules in fingers ... CREST #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Symptoms: Commonly no signs ... Alteration in hunger ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hemorrhages in the inner ... lesions in the inner ... retinal nerve fiber ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs
Diffuse Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)
 - Pulmonary Fibrosis -> Crackles, Abnormal CXR
 - Pulmonary Hypertension, Right Heart
) - Finger/hand ... there -> Blue fingers ... and bushy - Finger ... #Scleroderma #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Periorbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Dacryoadenitis: infection of the lacrimal glands
b. Conjunctivitis: inflammation of the
hordeolums that are no longer ... presentation is no longer ... Periorbital #Cellulitis #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Symptoms (included in DSM 5 criteria) - Present during
) - Worse in winter ... MoodDisorders #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Pathogenesis and Joint diseases features
 • RA affects 1% of population, women >
ulnar drift of fingers ... Extra-articular signs ... RheumatoidArthritis #RA #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Dermatomyositis (DM) and Polymyositis (PM): Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Elevated Antinuclear Antibodies: Anti-Jo-1, Anti-OJ, Anti-Mi2, Anti-SRP, Anti-EJ,
Muscle necrosis, fiber ... PM #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms
Tuberculosis of the Finger- ...Physical examination of the affected finger revealed soft-tissue swelling, with erythema and
Tuberculosis of the Finger ... of the affected finger ... #clinical #photo ... #NEJM #Fite #stain ... #tuberculosis #finger