21 results
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Chronic Hypertensive ... • Acute and chronic ... retinal nerve fiber ... layer -> Cotton-wool ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology
Ocular Ultrasound Pocketcard
Painless Vision Loss
 • Retinal Detachment 
 • Posterior Vitreous Detachment 
 • Vitreous
Ocular Ultrasound ... Vision Loss • Retinal ... Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ... Pocus101 #Ocular #Ultrasound ... diagnosis #radiology #ophthalmology
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
into the deeper retinal ... Exudates • Nerve fiber ... arterioles -> Cotton-wool ... of VEGF causing fine ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology
Blurry Vision - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Anatomical Approach to Eye Disease:
1. Lids/Lashes
2. Extraocular Muscles/Motility
3. Conjunctiva/Sclera
4. Cornea
5. Anterior
Macular hole • Hypertensive ... are much more common ... are much more common ... syndrome, diabetes, hypertension ... differential #diagnosis #ophthalmology
Cotton Wool Spots

Caused by microinfarcts. Exploded ganglion cell axons extrude their axoplasm into retina. Long DDx:
Cotton Wool Spots ... axoplasm into retina ... Long DDx: hypertension ... Spots #fundoscopy #ophthalmology
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Causes of Chronic ... • Drugs • Chronic ... Family history, ultrasound ... • Diabetes • Hypertension ... • Infections (chronic
FIGURE 2. CHALAZION.  

Hordeola and chalazia are two common causes of the red, swollen eyelid
chalazia are two common ... granulomatous, chronic ... #Clinical #Ophthalmology ... #Photo #Chalazion
Cardiorenal Syndrome (CRS) Types
 • Type 1 - Acute CRS: Alteration of renal perfusion is the
) • Type 2 - Chronic ... aspects • Type 4 - Chronic ... RCS: Hypertension ... induced myopathy, chronic ... Secondary CRS: Common
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
liver cirrhosis, chronic ... Metolazone) • Hypertension ... liver cirrhosis, chronic ... Triamterene • Hypertension ... the Nonspecific Cation
Chronic Vision Loss by Anatomic Location - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cornea:
 • Keratoconus
 • Stromal Scaring
 •
Chronic Vision Loss ... Degeneration (Wet, Dry) Retina ... - Cotton wool spots ... Craniopharyngioma #Chronic ... Algorithm #Causes #Ophthalmology