36 results
Characteristic clinical manifestations of Down syndrome 
 
Typical craniofacial appearance 
 • Round face and flat
of Down syndrome ... incurved fifth finger ... #Downs #Syndrome ... PhysicalExam #Features #Signs ... #Manifestations
CREST Syndrome: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

CALCINOSIS (BB-sized, hard nodules in fingers)
RAYNAUD'S Phenomenon
ESOPHAGEAL DYSMOTILITY
SCLERODACTYLY (thickening and tightening
CREST Syndrome: ... nodules in fingers ... #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... H1N1) Clinical Manifestations ... • Weakness: Starts ... • Pain: Due to nerve ... management #treatment #neurology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
retinal nerve fiber ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
NMO) - Clinical Manifestations ... Other brainstem syndromes ... #Optica #NMO #Manifestations ... #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
Sarcoidosis
Stage 1 - Bilateral LAD without involvement of lung parenchyma
Stage 2 - Bilateral LAD with involvement
- Most common manifestations ... sarcoid Lofgren Syndrome ... facial nerve palsy ... Stages #Staging #Signs ... #Symptoms #Summary
NINDS Diagnostic Criteria for Guillain Barre Syndrome 
Features Required for Guillain-Barré Syndrome:
 • Progressive muscle weakness
, Mild sensory symptoms ... or signs, Cranial ... nerve involvement ... except in Miller Fisher ... diagnosis #criteria #neurology
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
Prader-Willi Syndrome ... =>Prader-Willi Syndrome ... Signs/Symptoms ... fractures • Short ... #genetics #pathophysiology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... lumbar spine Signs ... damage to sacral nerves ... #MSK #pathophysiology ... #signs
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Anterior Cord Syndrome ... • Central Cord Syndrome ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #orthopedics #neurology