13 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... also be seen if urine ... renal disease ... - Some crystals ... #Microscopy #Atlas
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Workup Algorithm ... Investigations: full blood ... microscopy / urinary ... screen, including blood ... #Workup #Algorithm
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
proteinuria as a disease ... Microscopic exam ... • Crystals ... used with normal renal ... Kidney Injury (AKI
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
• 1ml blood/liter ... basement membrane disease ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... of glomerular disease ... #urine #blood
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
cases are caused ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... Assess UA w/ microscopy ... , crystals, protein ... KidneyInjury #simplified #workup
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Disease Associations ... and concentrated urine ... Red blood cell ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal ... #Differential #Microscopy
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
life-threatening diseases ... : (AKI, proteinuria ... mononeuritis multiplex WORKUP ... reveals increasing blood ... hematuria, RBC casts
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
GN • Active Urine ... dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts ... Sjogren's, rheumatoid arthritis ... (Dense deposit disease ... nephrology #diagnosis #renal
Rheumatology Workup - Laboratories Studies in Rheumatic Diseases

• Septic arthritis - Gram stain and culture of
Rheumatology Workup ... polarized light microscopy ... intracellular urate crystals ... : • Complete blood ... • Serum and urine
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Weakness - Dark urine ... UA positive for blood ... + myoglobin AKI ... Cast formation: ... of underlying disease