28 results
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
empagliflozin LOOP ... Chlorthalidone POTASSIUM-SPARING ... Pharmacology #summary #table ... #nephrology
Hormones Acting on the Nephron - Diuretics and Their Site of Action
 1) Acetazolamide
 2) Osmotic
mannitol) 3) Loop ... HCTZ) 5) Potassium-sparing ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
. mannitol) 3) Loop ... Metolazone) 5) Potassium-sparing ... #pharmacology #nephrology
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
minutes) Decrease potassium ... Fluids Shift potassium ... Sodium bicarbonate Potassium ... renal function) - Loop ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... High Urine Cl - Loop ... #differential #algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology
This image shows scanning EM of a proteinuric glomerulus with capillary loop showing widening and partial
with capillary loop ... #glomerulus #ElectronMicroscopy ... #proteinuric #nephrology
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Normal Glomerulus on Electron Microscopy
This eyeSCANdy image shows scanning EM of normal glomerulus showing glomerular capillary
glomerular capillary loops ... Normal #glomerulus #ElectronMicroscopy ... SEM #clinical #nephrology
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Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Metolazone Loop ... Piretanide Potassium ... #Pharmacology #nephrology ... #conversion #loop
This image shows glomerular tuft with overall intact architecture. Discrete masses of specular amyloid interrupt smooth
segments of capillary loop ... desposition #deposits #ElectronMicroscopy ... SEM #clinical #nephrology
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