18 results
diagnosis differential nephrology management alkalosis treatment low chloride hypokalemia hypomagnesemia magnesium nongap pharmacology potassium rhabdomyolysis urinary acidosis aniongap associated bicarbonate
Approach to Elevated Bicarbonate (HCO3) Risk Factors for Hypercapnea? (Hx of COPD, OSA, sedative use, CNS/muscular disorders?) (+)
Gas) (-) Likely Metabolic ... Adenoma • Remote Diuretics ... - Loop or Thiazides ... - Loop or Thiazides ... #alkalosis #algorithm
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... #causes #urinary
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake • Metabolic ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... and thiazide diuretics ... #causes #potassium
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... • Thiazide or loop ... • Thiazide or loop ... reabsorption in loop ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism Decreased GI Uptake - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Medications - Loop ... and thiazide diuretics ... Post-obstructive diuresis ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm GI Losses - Gastric • Vomiting • NG suction GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... tubular transport • Diuretics ... (loop/thiazide) ... #Causes
Tinnitus - Subjective (heard only by patient) - 90% - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Unilateral On Audiogram -
Hearing Loss: • Metabolic ... Causes: Thyroid ... Propranolol, Levodopa, Loop ... Diuretics) • ... #Causes
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Mg > 10g • Loop ... Diuretics • Hypercalcemia-PTH ... Magnesium #Low #Causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... the indicated causes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... resistance • Metabolic ... +2Cl- Symport (Loop ... Kidney stones caused ... #Medications #Table
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