28 results
Patterns of pulmonary dysfunction revealed by flow-volume loops. For comparison, a normal loop is shown with
dysfunction revealed by flow-volume ... loops. ... comparison, a normal loop ... PFTs #Spirometry #FlowVolume ... #Loops #Patterns
Flow Volume Loops - Common Patterns
A. Normal
B. Emphysema
C. Unilateral Main Stem Bronchial Obstruction
D. Fixed Upper Airway
Flow Volume Loops ... - Common Patterns ... PFTs #Spirometry #FlowVolume ... #Loops #Patterns
Pulmonary Function Testing: Flow Volume Loop Patterns
 • Variable extra-thoracic obstruction - truncated or flattened inspiratory
Function Testing: Flow ... Volume Loop Patterns ... nickmmark #FlowVolume ... #Loops #pulmonary ... #PFTs #patterns
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Mg > 10g • Loop ... Diuretics • Hypercalcemia-PTH ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Medications - Loop ... abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia.
Hypercalcemia
 - Renal Failure → Dialysis with low Ca++ bath
Aggressive IV hydration
Treatment algorithm ... Hypercalcemia - ... Dialysis with low ... Volume Overload → Loop ... #Treatment #algorithm
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... causes #potassium #low
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia
 • Aggressive IV hydration
 • IV Bisphosphonate +/- Calcitonin
 • Renal
Treatment algorithm ... malignancy-associated hypercalcemia ... : Dalysis with low ... Volume overload: Loop ... Denosumab #hypercalcemia
Increased Urination - Differential Diagnosis Framework - Increased Volume / Frequency
 • Increased osmotic load (Increased
urine (usually low ... kidney disease, Loop ... phase of ATN, Hypercalcemia ... Increased intake (low
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Diuretics (loop ... aldosteronism Low ... Renin, Low Aldosterone ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm