10 results
Patterns of pulmonary dysfunction revealed by flow-volume loops. For comparison, a normal loop is shown with
Patterns of pulmonary ... comparison, a normal ... Diagnosis #PFTs #Spirometry ... #FlowVolume #Loops ... #Normal #pulmonary
Flow Volume Loops - Common Patterns
A. Normal
B. Emphysema
C. Unilateral Main Stem Bronchial Obstruction
D. Fixed Upper Airway
Flow Volume Loops ... - Common Patterns ... Normal B. ... Diagnosis #PFTs #Spirometry ... #FlowVolume #Loops
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Elevated PTH (High or normal ... Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ... Thiazides/Lithium #Hypercalcemia ... #causes #endocrinology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Mg > 10g • Loop ... Diuretics • Hypercalcemia-PTH ... Magnesium #Low #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... #causes #potassium
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia.
Hypercalcemia
 - Renal Failure → Dialysis with low Ca++ bath
Aggressive IV hydration
malignancy-associated hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia - ... Volume Overload → Loop ... Calcitonin Refractory Cases ... malignancy #associated #hypercalcemia
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... hyponatremia, hyperkalemia ... insufficiency • Low or normal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyperkalemia Management Algorithm
 • Treat the cause & optimize hemodynamics and ventilation
 • Reconsider treatment leadingto
Hyperkalemia Management ... the cause & optimize ... treatment leadingto hyperkalemia ... • Discontinue oral ... / Removal #Hyperkalemia
Algorithm for Management of Acute and Chronic Hyperkalemia
Acute Hyperkalemia:
 - IV calcium (10 mL of 10%)
Acute and Chronic Hyperkalemia ... Acute Hyperkalemia ... binders Chronic Hyperkalemia ... diuretic therapy (loop ... optimization) #Hyperkalemia
Causes of ST Segment Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Framework

STEMI:
 • Upsloping convex STE: "Pardee's sign" +
Causes of ST Segment ... Early-repolarization pattern ... Disorders: • Hyperkalemia ... no P waves • Hypercalcemia ... ST Elevation of Normal