10 results
Patterns of pulmonary dysfunction revealed by flow-volume loops. For comparison, a normal loop is shown with
Patterns of pulmonary ... dysfunction revealed by flow-volume ... Diagnosis #PFTs #Spirometry ... #FlowVolume #Loops ... #Patterns #Comparison
Flow Volume Loops - Common Patterns
A. Normal
B. Emphysema
C. Unilateral Main Stem Bronchial Obstruction
D. Fixed Upper Airway
Flow Volume Loops ... - Common Patterns ... Diagnosis #PFTs #Spirometry ... #FlowVolume #Loops ... #Patterns #pulmonary
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... secreting tumor, Primary ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Increased Urinary ... #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... treated with IV potassium ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... consumption • Low ... #nephrology #low
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... R - Primary aldosteronism ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Urinary Chloride ... Remote use of loop ... - Normal/low ... #causes #urinary
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Chloride Algorithm ... Remote use of loop ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... disease • Drugs: Loop ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes ... nephrology #magnesium #low
Algorithm for Diagnosis and Management of Resistant Hypertension in CKD
Pseudoresistant Hypertension - Reduce barriers to adherence:
Algorithm for Diagnosis ... Modifications • Low ... Screen for primary ... Consider other causes ... Add loop diuretic