17 results
Patterns of pulmonary dysfunction revealed by flow-volume loops. For comparison, a normal loop is shown with
Patterns of pulmonary ... dysfunction revealed by flow-volume ... comparison, a normal ... Diagnosis #PFTs #Spirometry ... #FlowVolume #Loops
Flow Volume Loops - Common Patterns
A. Normal
B. Emphysema
C. Unilateral Main Stem Bronchial Obstruction
D. Fixed Upper Airway
Flow Volume Loops ... - Common Patterns ... Normal B. ... Diagnosis #PFTs #Spirometry ... #FlowVolume #Loops
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hyperplasia • Normal ... Al, Normal R - ... #nephrology #causes
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Diuretics (loop ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... #Causes
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
renal function is normal ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Remote use of loop ... /low blood pressure ... #causes #urinary
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Liddle syndrome Low-normal ... • Distal RTA Low-normal ... High Urine Cl - Loop ... urine #potassium #differential ... #nephrology
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap ... Normal Anion Gap ... Cell Problem - Low ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hair Loss (Alopecia) - General (Diffuse and Focal) Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

DIFFUSE
Scarring - Irreversible-biopsy required
 • Lupus
and Focal) Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... planopilaris Pattern ... - Drugs • Oral ... #causes