29 results
Patterns of pulmonary dysfunction revealed by flow-volume loops. For comparison, a normal loop is shown with
dysfunction revealed by flow-volume ... comparison, a normal ... Diagnosis #PFTs #Spirometry ... #FlowVolume #Loops ... Patterns #Comparison #Normal
Flow Volume Loops - Common Patterns
A. Normal
B. Emphysema
C. Unilateral Main Stem Bronchial Obstruction
D. Fixed Upper Airway
Flow Volume Loops ... Normal B. ... Diagnosis #PFTs #Spirometry ... #FlowVolume #Loops
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... secreting tumor, Primary ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... #causes #potassium
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia ... inhibitors Other causes ... Ketoconazole Low ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #differential #causes
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Elevated PTH (High or normal ... ): • Primary Hyperparathyroidism ... Low PTH: • Elevated ... #causes #endocrinology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... R - Primary aldosteronism ... Al, Normal R - ... #nephrology #causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... filling of bucket (low ... all the time (urinary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Increased Urinary ... #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... wasting from other causes ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... consumption • Low ... /Normal Blood Pressure
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... hyponatremia, hyperkalemia ... baseline ACTH - Primary ... insufficiency • Low ... or normal baseline