10 results
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
saddle (perineal) anesthesia ... genitourinary dysfunction ... Commonly caused ... such as fibular fracture ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis
Causes of Back Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Always assess for red flags. If no red flags,
bowel or bladder dysfunction ... , saddle paresthesia ... pain, high energy trauma ... of neoplasm • Fracture ... #Algorithm #Causes
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Dysfunction (pain ... Medullaris Syndrome -> Trauma ... reflex. saddle anesthesia ... Injury #Syndromes #diagnosis ... signs #symptoms #msk
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
bowel and sexual dysfunction ... • S - Saddle anesthesia ... - Emergency Causes ... neoplasms • trauma ... #causes #neurology
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
- Differential Diagnosis ... Leg Pain: • Fracture ... deficiency etc) • Spinal ... #lower #extremity ... #msk #physicalexam
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Causes of spinal ... other forms of trauma ... Vertebral burst fracture ... herniation - Trauma ... #differential #diagnosis
Male Sexual and Erectile Dysfunction - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Erectile Dysfunction
 - Psychological
    •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Erectile ... Sensate • Focus ... Stroke • Spinal ... #causes
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Lesion in the Spinal ... Greater Trochanter Fracture ... pathophysiology #causes ... symptoms #signs #diagnosis ... #msk
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... compression by fractured ... Cord Causes: 1 ... Bowel and bladder dysfunction ... differential #algorithm
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... • Trauma or epidural ... bladder/bowel dysfunction ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... pathophysiology #diagnosis