8 results
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Acellular Casts ... • Hyaline Casts ... colored compounds (e.g ... Urine #Microscopy #nephrology ... #interpretation
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
require urgent nephrology ... evaluation? ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... CONSIDER INTRINSIC CAUSES ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... Protein deposition (eg ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Caused by splanchnic ... Bland urine (no casts ... liver transplant evaluation ... essential in all cases ... Syndrome #Hepatology #Nephrology
Orbital Apex Syndrome secondary to Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO)

This 81 yo male was referred to our
to our for an evaluation ... other potential causes ... acyclovir 10mg/kg ... steroids (some cases ... #physicalexam #neurology
Evaluation and Management of Hypokalemia

Hypokalemia is often asymptomatic. Evaluation begins with a search for warning signs
Evaluation and Management ... Evaluation begins ... electrocardiography (ECG ... Most cases of hypokalemia-induced ... #Algorithm
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... continued in most cases ... ; interpretation ... #differential #algorithm ... #nephrology
This infographic provides a mnemonic tool called “WOBBLER” for assessing an ECG (electrocardiogram) in cases of
electrocardiogram) in cases ... evaluate potential causes ... pathway that can cause ... Utility: • Syncope evaluation ... interpretation.