26 results
Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) - Interpretation Algorithm
 • Normal
 • Pulmonary Hypertension, Anemia, Carboxyhemoglobinemia
 • Chest
Pulmonary Function ... Tests (PFTs) - ... Algorithm • Normal ... #Pulmonary #FunctionTests ... #PFTs #Interpretation
Hyperkalemic Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) Type 4 - 

Failure to acidify urine in collecting duct
Hyperkalemic Distal Renal ... aldosterone - Abnormal ... collecting duct function ... Hyperkalemic #Diagnosis #Management
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
cells FEMg >4% = renal ... magnesium loss if renal ... function is normal ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Bleeding / Bruising - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Thrombocytopenia - Quantitative Defect
 • Decreased Production
 •
Causes of Bleeding ... Destruction • Abnormal ... Disordered Platelet Function ... ASA) • Renal Disease ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Indications for Parathyroidectomy in Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • All patients with symptomatic PHPT
 • Serum calcium 1
upper limit of normal ... • Evidence of renal ... risk, impaired renal ... function GFR < ... endocrinology #management
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
ABG And BMP Normal ... (Cl + HCO3)} Normal ... <0.4 Pure Normal ... acidosis 0.4-0.8 Normal ... of Normal Anion
NSAID vs ACEI/ARB effects on the Kidneys

Remember that NSAIDs and ACEI/ARB therapy have opposing effects on
NSAIDs cause vasoconstriction ... patients with normal ... kidney function ... use shouldn't cause ... Effects #Nephrology #Renal
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
Ringers (LR) vs Normal ... pancreatitis Normal ... Saline (NS) Is Not Normal ... coagulopathy - functional ... #Ringers #LR #Normal
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Definition: • Functional ... • Caused by splanchnic ... perfusion + ↑ renal ... • Tubular function ... • Normal kidney
Algorithm for the Treatment of Membranous Lupus Nephritis
Sub-nephrotic-range proteinuria (<3.5g/d, normal serum albumin) and Preserved kidney
proteinuria (<3.5g/d, normal ... Preserved kidney function ... worsening kidney function ... to treat extra-renal ... Algorithm #Treatment #management