31 results
Heparin, Fondaparinux, and Novel Oral Anticoagulants - Pathophysiology

Anticoagulation with parenteral (intravenous or subcutaneous) and oral anticoagulants
Anticoagulants - Pathophysiology ... anticoagulant (e.g ... : Inhibits the function ... heparin (LMWH): Functions ... #Pharmacology #Pathophysiology
Drugs that Impair Renal Potassium Excretion 

Decreased ENaC channel function: Amiloride, Triamterene, Pentamidine
Decreased Aldosterone Synthesis: Heparin,
Decreased ENaC channel function ... Aldosterone Receptor Function ... #Hyperkalemia #Pathophysiology ... #Pharmacology #
Nephron Pathophysiology - Diuretic Sites of Action
Diuretics
1) Acetazolamide/canagliflozin
2) Osmotic agents (mannitol, urearetics)
3) Loop agents (eg, furosemide)
4)
Nephron Pathophysiology ... ) Loop agents (eg ... Adenosine #Nephron #Pathophysiology ... Action #nephrology #pharmacology
Endocarditis checklist
Initial evaluation
 • Peripheral blood cultures (three sets at three different sites)
 • Additional culture
if suspected (e.g ... block (+/- daily EKG ... worsening valve function ... of infection (e.g ... Endocarditis #checklist #criticalcare
Checklist Approach to Hypokalemia

Consider risk factors for arrhythmia:
 - EKG changes (especially QT prolongation)
 - Digoxin
arrhythmia: - EKG ... clinical context & EKG ... depend on renal function ... depend on renal function ... Hypokalemia #Management #CriticalCare
Modified penicillin binding proteins as mechanism of resistance to antibiotics.
Penicillin Binding Proteins (Transpeptidases) cross link peptidoglycan
and block this function ... more antibiotic (e.g ... cephalosporin (e.g ... transpeptidase which functions ... Proteins #AMR #PBP #pharmacology
Immune Reactions and Immunosuppressant Drugs

Glucocorticoids - Inhibition of cytokine synthesis, e.g., IL-1, IL-2
Muromonab-CD3 - Monoclonal antibody
Calcineurin
cytokine synthesis, e.g ... Immunosuppressant #Drugs #Pharmacology ... #Pathophysiology
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) - Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Management Algorithm
Risk factors: Previous acute enteric infection, Female
Syndrome (IBS) - Pathophysiology ... Younger age, Other functional ... somatic syndromes (e.g ... Bowel #Syndrome #Pathophysiology
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Nephron and their Functions ... Nephron #Segments #Function ... #Pathophysiology ... Tubules #Table #Pharmacology
Pancreatitis management checklist 
Evaluation to guide etiology & management 
 - RUQ ultrasound 
 - Calcium
level - Liver function ... septic shock (e.g ... resuscitation (e.g ... (0.1-0.3 mg/kg ... Diagnosis #Management #CriticalCare