67 results
Hormones Acting on the Nephron - Diuretics and Their Site of Action
 1) Acetazolamide
 2) Osmotic
mannitol) 3) Loop ... Diuretics (e.g. furosemide ... HCTZ) 5) Potassium-sparing ... spironolactone) #Pathophysiology
Nephron Pathophysiology - Diuretic Sites of Action
Diuretics
1) Acetazolamide/canagliflozin
2) Osmotic agents (mannitol, urearetics)
3) Loop agents (eg, furosemide)
4)
Nephron Pathophysiology ... urearetics) 3) Loop ... agents (eg, furosemide ... Adenosine #Nephron #Pathophysiology
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
. mannitol) 3) Loop ... diuretic (e.g. furosemide ... Metolazone) 5) Potassium-sparing
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
empagliflozin LOOP ... DIURETICS • Furosemide ... Chlorthalidone POTASSIUM-SPARING
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium
Flowchart to diuretic use in acute heart failure.

(A) Congestion with volume overload. 

(B) Treatment algorithm after
(B) Treatment algorithm ... Total loop diuretic ... generally considered furosemide ... following a single loop ... Diuresis #CHF #Algorithm
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm using Urine Potassium to Creatinine Ratio

#Hypokalemia #Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm #Potassium #Creatinine #Ratio
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... using Urine Potassium ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Potassium #Creatinine
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Hyperkalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #high #pathophysiology
Mechanisms of Loop Diuretic Action and Resistance. Panel A, loop diuretics circulate bound to protein. As
Mechanisms of Loop ... Panel A, loop diuretics ... binding to sodium–potassium–chloride ... #Pathophysiology