10 results
Traditionally, congestive heart failure has been classified according to severity of symptoms, first formulated by the
sometimes advanced treatment ... #HeartFailure #Staging ... #Classification ... #Stages #Classes ... #NYHA #ACCAHA
In order to better classify heart failure, the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American
four-component staging ... With treatment, ... Cardiology #CHF #Congestive ... #Stages #Classes ... #NYHA #ACCAHA
STAGES of CHF (A, B, C, D), however, describe the severity of structural abnormalities that impair
flare ups that cause ... Treatments may include ... Cardiology #CHF #Congestive ... #HeartFailure #Staging ... #Stages #ACCAHA
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
presentations and disease states ... liver or renal injury ... before beginning treatment ... output - Acute pulmonary ... #typea #typeb #classification
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Chronic inflammation causes ... bronchial wall injury ... → mucous stasis ... Immunodeficiencies • Connective ... mycobacteria Treatment
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Torsemide) • Acute pulmonary ... insipidus • Kidney stones ... caused by Ca2+ ... Antagonists, K+ Sparing ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Weakness, cramping, nausea ... Bactrim, PCN G-K), K-sparing ... , rhabdo/crush injury ... only if no clear cause ... Optimize volume status
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
and congestion. ... Signs of congestion ... Imaging and more ... with presence of pulmonary ... the determined cause
Amiodarone Induced Lung Toxicity Summary

Who?
• 5% of patients
• Dose ≥ 400 mg per day

How?  Possible
cytotoxic lung injury ... to years after starting ... amiodarone treatment ... Exclude other causes ... macrophages Treatment
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Acidosis B. ... Congestive heart ... End-stage renal ... #Causes