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diagnosis differential aki blood kidney nephritic proteinuria syndromes urology workup atlas comparison diseases glomerulonephritis key management membranoproliferative microscopy mpgn prs
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... diabetes)) #Glomerular ... #Diseases #Nephritic
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes. Step
/nephritic syndromes ... the patient have glomerular ... casts or dysmorphic ... RBCs in urine)? ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
or dipstick) Glomerular ... of Glomerular Bleeding ... • Signs of glomerular ... RBC casts → Diagnostic ... disease Renal
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings • Epithelial cells - Normal • Renal tubular cells - Acute
red - cells Non-glomerular ... Dysmorphic red cells - Glomerular ... Diagnostic of glomerular ... renal disease ... #casts
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... • Calculi Glomerular ... RBCs and/or RBC casts ... epithelial side of glomerular ... endothelial side of glomerular
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... repeat testing • Acute ... • Evidence of glomerular ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... for renal biopsy
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification Prerenal: • Dehydration • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome) • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... - TTP/HUS • Glomerular ... necrosis (causes ... interstitial nephritis ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
presenting with overt glomerular ... Cytomegalovirus; GBM = glomerular ... cell/white cell casts ... #diagnosis #glomerular ... #syndrome #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... clinical context and signs ... • Interstitial nephritis ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
GN • Active Urine ... dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts ... formation along glomerular ... (Dense deposit disease ... #diagnosis #renal
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