11 results
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
hypothyroidism • Zinc deficiency ... • Vitamin C deficiency ... Pernicious anemia/B12 deficiency ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... Hyophosphatasia #hepatology
Liver Chemistry Tests - AST, ALT, Alkaline Phosphatase and Bilirubin Metabolism
AST and ALT:
 • AST: liver
Tests - AST, ALT, Alkaline ... within liver Alkaline ... AlkPhos #Bilirubin #Hepatology ... #Pathophysiology
Mixing Study
 • Clotting tests can be abnormal due to either a clotting factor deficiency, or
clotting factor deficiency ... Patient has a factor deficiency ... Study #diagnosis #hematology ... #pathophysiology ... #hematology #laboratory
Non-cirrhotic Hyperammonemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hematologic & Vascular:
 • Multiple myeloma & Acute leukemia (plasma cells
Diagnosis Framework Hematologic ... Defects • OTC deficiency ... (XLR) • Deficiency ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

VENOUS THROMBOSIS

 • Acquired Risk Factors:
	- >48 hours
- Protein S deficiency ... - Protein C deficiency ... - Antithrombin deficiency ... Venous #Arterial #pathophysiology ... #hematology #differential
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... PBC Labs: • Alkaline ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
Protein C & S deficiency ... , ATIII deficiency ... anti-coagulation • Hematologic ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
protein C and S Pathophysiology ... thrombopoietin deficiency ... treatment #management #hematology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Pathophysiology ... Cellular immune deficiency ... treatment #summary #rheumatology
TAFRO

TAFRO syndrome was first described in 2010, standing for:
- Thrombocytopenia
- Anasarca
- Fever
- Reticulin fibrosis
- Organomegaly

TAFRO syndrome
cell lymphoma Pathophysiology ... Thrombocytopenia - Elevated alkaline ... diagnosis #management #rheumatology