14 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... alkalosisKidney ... the indicated causes ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acute or chronic ... Compensation, Acute ... M Methanol A Aspirin ... of Metabolic Alkalosis ... #Summary #Nephrology
Salicylate Toxicity - Diagnosis and Management

Consider if:
1) Patient is hot and altered
2) You see tachypnea with
no respiratory cause ... 5) History of acute ... Dizziness, Altered, Seizure ... Acidosis, Respiratory Alkalosis ... #Salicylate #Aspirin
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... alkalosis, Ketonuria ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Diagnosis ECF ... postchronic hypercapnia (acute ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... wasting from other causes ... Alkalosis: Emesis ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Salicylate Poisoning - Toxicology

Acute toxicity = vomiting, tachypnea, tinnitus, diaphoresis, and lethargy. This may progress to
may progress to seizures ... mixed respiratory alkalosis ... and metabolic acidosis ... #Pharmacology #Diagnosis ... #Management #Aspirin
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... alkalosis • Familial ... disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... stones caused by ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Renal failure (acute ... Chronic progressive kidney ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... kidney injury). ... hypokalemia and metabolic ... alkalosis. 7. ... #Differential #Diagnosis