615 results
diagnosis differential nephrology causes algorithm management clinical pocus pharmacology ultrasound kidney pathophysiology table rheumatology signs symptoms workup classification endocrinology hematology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol Oxoproline
Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA ... ketoacidosis Renal ... acids in advanced renal ... Metabolic #Acidosis #HAGMA
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup NAGMA - Chem, ABG or VBG - Calculate Anion
and Workup NAGMA ... in the urine - Renal ... Renal Loss of HCO3 ... - Renal insufficiency ... Hypoaldosteronism - Renal
Urine Anion Gap in NAGMA NA + K - Cl = surrogate for Urine NH4+ NH4+ is excreted
Urine Anion Gap in NAGMA ... RTA (nb ↑K) - Renal ... Urine #AnionGap #NAGMA
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
algorithm Decreased renal ... excretion • Acute renal ... failure • Chronic renal ... • Congenital adrenal ... high: • Post-renal
Causes of Hypermagnesemia Increased magnesium load - Magnesium-containing laxatives, antacids, or enemas - Treatment of pre-edampsia/eclampsia (mothers
or enemas - Treatment ... Rhabdomyolysis Increased renal ... Mineralocorticoid deficiency, adrenal
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Hyponatremia • HAGMA ... HYPOTENSION → renal ... vasoconstriction → decreased renal ... perfusion → renal ... Cast formation: Renal
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration. Step 2. Check plasma osmolality. NORMAL PLASMA
HYPOVOLEMIC • extra-renal ... - fevers • renal ... hypothyroidism • adrenal ... nephrotic syndrome • renal
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing Common causes: • Renal parenchymal disease
Common causes: • Renal ... parenchymal disease - Renal ... evaluate cause of renal ... Renovascular disease - Renal ... Bilateral selective renal
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ADH Independent: • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
• Renal Failure ... Hypovolemic - GI losses, renal ... Hypothyroidism, adrenal
Initial treatment of renal bone disease and cinacalcet for secondary hyperparathyroidism Phosphate binders reduce hyperphosphataemia and hyperparathyroidism.
Initial treatment ... of renal bone disease ... the first-line treatments
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