4809 results
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... Several studies have ... endpoint of all-cause
NSAID vs ACEI/ARB effects on the Kidneys

Remember that NSAIDs and ACEI/ARB therapy have opposing effects on
ACEI/ARB therapy have ... NSAIDs cause vasoconstriction ... use shouldn't cause ... concern if patients have ... Nephrology #Renal #Pathophysiology
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize
 • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
cause quadriplegia ... within GI and URT causes ... Maternal viremia causes ... symptomatic can have ... peds #pediatrics #pathophysiology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... legs does not have ... Syndrome #MSK #pathophysiology
Alexia Without Agraphia
Alexia without agraphia is a disconnection syndrome where patients cannot read but can write.
the most common cause ... patients will have ... speech and may have ... Pathophysiology: ... neurology #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... infiltrates - 80% have ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology
Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD): Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 - For diagnosis, must have either 26
diagnosis, must have ... Symptoms must have ... before a question has ... their turn • Causes ... BehavioralDisorder #Pathophysiology
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Most common cause ... Lung Abscess Pathophysiology ... Presentation: • 80% have ... Clindamycin in case ... #differential #causes
Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
OPHTHALMIC EMERGENCY: Early detection is essential, but most patients
• Significant cause ... most frequent cause ... hypermetropic), which thus have ... ClosedAngle #Glaucoma #pathophysiology
Causes of Erythema Nodosum - Mnemonic

NO cause found in 60% of cases
Drugs (antibiotics e.g., sulfonamides, amoxicillin)
Oral
Causes of Erythema ... Mnemonic NO cause ... TB Viral: HSV ... , EBV, HIV, HepB ... Nodosum #Mnemonic #Causes