11 results
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Lesions of the Spinal ... Syndromes Spinal ... result in permanent neurologic ... syphilis, and HIV ... #diagnosis #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
cord infarct • HIV ... myelitis • Multiple sclerosis ... cord • Guillain-Barre ... • Multiple sclerosis ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Causes of Dysarthria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Lower Motor Neuron - Slow, Low Volume, Breathy Speech, Tongue
Neuron Disease • Lesions ... hyperactive gag reflex ... • Amyotrophic Lateral ... Disorder Extra-Pyramidal ... #Dysarthria #Neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
: • Bilateral ... , HIV, CMV, HTLV ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Syndrome ... Pathophysiology ... Campylobacter jejuni - HIV ... of intrathecal spinal ... management #treatment #neurology
Orbital Apex Syndrome secondary to Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO)

This 81 yo male was referred to our
Orbital Apex Syndrome ... Orbital Apex Syndrome ... initial forehead lesions ... clinical #video #ophthalmology ... #physicalexam #neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
sclerosis Pathophysiology ... brainstem and multiple spinal ... Increased Jaw Jerk reflex ... motor neurons - IV ... #Sclerosis #neurology
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
Guillain-Barré Syndrome ... immunodeficiency virus (HIV ... depressed deep tendon reflexes ... the underlying pathophysiology ... #management #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... extensors of the arms (pyramidal ... Spasticity - Reflexes ... simplex virus, HIV ... diagnosis #management #neurology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
dementia Pathophysiology ... white matter lesions ... areas of high signal ... The clinical syndrome ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology