3371 results
Oral Antihypertensive Medications - Selection by Comorbidities
Comorbidities: 
 • Stable Angina, HFpEF, HFrEF, AFib, TAA/Marfan, Aortic
Comorbidities: • Stable ... Tremor • Supine HTN ... Impairment, Portal HTN ... #Hypertension #HTN ... #pharmacology #table
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Ureterosigmoidoscopy • HTN ... Cushing Syndrome • HTN ... Aldosterone: Malignant HTN ... , Renovascular HTN ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Weakness, cramping, nausea ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... ) - caution in HTN
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
mmHg - portal HTN ... significant portal HTN ... Signs of portal HTN ... Post-Hepatic: • Cardiac causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
When to Evaluate for Secondary Causes of Hypertension
1. Severe or resistant HTN
2. Acute rise/lability in BP
3.
for Secondary Causes ... Severe or resistant HTN ... Malignant HTN with ... #Hypertension #causes ... indications #diagnosis #HTN
Non-lschemic Causes of Cardiogenic Shock:

Beta-Blockers, Calcium Channel Blockers, Digoxin 

Myocarditis 

Cardiomyopathies (sarcoidosis, amyloidosis, Takatsubo, 
hemochromatosis) 

Valvular
Non-lschemic Causes ... Tamponade, pulmonary HTN ... , systemic HTN, ... #Nonlschemic #Causes
Secondary causes of Hypertension
 • Medications, Drugs, Chemo: NSAIDS, Steroids, CNI, Alcohol, Cocaine, OCP, Licorice, MAOI,
Secondary causes ... Hyperaldosternism (low renin HTN ... Other Endocrine causes ... Other low renin HTN ... causes: Cushing's
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
Cardiovascular Causes ... Tamponade Pulmonary Causes ... - Pulmonary HTN ... syndrome Other Causes ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Nausea and Vomiting - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone/Area Postrema:
 • Drugs:
	- Chemo agents
	-
Causes of Nausea ... Antiarrhythmics, Anti-HTN ... Malignancy #nausea ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Pharmacologic Treatments of Chronic Hypertension in Pregnancy
Central alpha-agonists
 - Methyldopa
 - Clonidine
Combined alpha- and beta-blocker
 -
#Pharmacology #HTN ... #Table #Drugs